Suppression of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands by mycoprasitic and antagonistic microorganisms

Plant Pathology Journal : 5(3) 2006, 291-298
Suppression of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands by mycoprasitic and antagonistic microorganisms

I Nyoman P. Aryantha [1] and David I. Guest2
1) Dept. of Biology and Research Development Group on Life Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Tlp./Fax. +62-22-2509165
Email : nyoman@bi.itb.ac.id
2) School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Victoria Australia
Running title: Antagonists from composted manuresSuppression of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands by mycoprasitic and antagonistic microorganisms

ABSTRACT

We have isolated bacteria and fungi from composted chicken, sheep, cow and horse manure and screened each isolate for its ability to suppress P. cinnamomi in dual-culture in vitro plate and slide assays. Of the 180 isolates, including 31 actinomycetes, 64 fungi, 44 fluorescent pseudomonads and 41 endospore-forming bacteria, 45 isolates significantly inhibited the growth of P. cinnamomi. The inhibitory microbes were identified based on morphological and biochemical characters including 24 fungi (including Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium penicillioides and Fusarium spp.), 10 actinomycetes (all Streptomyces sp.), 7 fluorescent pseudomonads (Pseudomonas sp.) and 4 endospore-forming bacteria (Bacillus sp.). The most common mode of action observed was antibiosis, although mycoparasitism, indicated by parallel hyphal growth, hyphal coiling, appressorium formation and direct penetration, was also observed with one isolate of Trichoderma. These results help to explain the role of microbes in the suppression and biological control of P. cinnamomi by composted manures.
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Keywords : Antagonism, Antibiosis, Mycoparasitism, Biocontrol, Phytophthora cinnamomi,
Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Actinomycete.
[1] Corresponding author should be addressed to